In The Philippine Islands, ''Kulam'' is a practiced Folk Magic. In Western Culture, it would be akin to a form of Witchcraft, with those who practice it called ''Mangkukulams'' or Witches. The Rituals prescribed involve fire, candles, herbs and oils to concoct potions. These are used for both ''Good and Evil''. Similarities in Kulam with Haiian Voodoo and other related ''magics''are common. In contrast with the infamous and iconic ''Voodoo Doll'' Rituals of Voodoo, Kulam uses actual photographs or pictures of their intended victims to place Hexes. Kulam is also used to create Undead ''Slaves'' which is another common Voodoo perception. ''Good'' Kulam Practitioners are used to ''remove'' Evil Curses and ''cast out'' cases of ''possession''. This is often accomplished by whipping the affected with a tail from a Stringray. The pain caused by the beating is supposed to drive out the purported demon.